Mary Oliver, Poet of Provincetown and the World
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Published in: May-June 2019 issue.

 

 

MARY OLIVER, one of the most beloved and best-selling American poets—who happened to be a lesbian—died of lymphoma in Hobe Sound, Florida on January 17, 2019 at the age of 83. Oliver was born in 1935 in Maple Hills Heights, a suburb of Cleveland, Ohio.

         In 2011, in a revealing interview with Maria Shriver for Oprah magazine, Oliver described her “very dysfunctional family” and mentioned that she had been sexually abused and neglected during her childhood. This was a moment of openness that would not have been possible in her younger years, when she was described by a creative writing program director as a “complicated, deeply private person.” She decided when she was thirteen to become a poet and found comfort in a nearby woods, where she would commune with nature and write poems, always accompanied by a copy of poems by Walt Whitman. She considered Whitman to be the brother she never had. In interviews, she often mentioned her other favorite poets and influences: Emerson, Shelley, Keats, the 13th-century Persian poet Rumi, and the 14th-century Persian poet Hafiz, while her fans ranged from fellow poets Stanley Kunitz and Rita Dove to Madonna, Ava DuVernay, Hillary Clinton, and Laura Bush, among other readers worldwide.

The late poet Mary Oliver.
         As a teenager, Oliver had corresponded with Norma Millay, the sister of poet Edna St. Vincent Millay, who maintained Steeplechase, Edna’s estate in Austerlitz, New York. The morning after high school graduation, Oliver left home for Steeplechase, where she helped organize Edna’s papers and where she would live on and off for the next half-dozen years. She attended Ohio State University and Vassar College but did not graduate, eventually moving to Greenwich Village. However, she remained a frequent visitor at Steeplechase.

    On one of those visits in the late 1950s, Oliver met Village Voice photographer Mary Malone Cook, who was at Steeplechase to take pictures. It was love at first sight. Oliver moved to Provincetown in 1964 to live with Cook, who operated the first photography gallery on the East Coast, and their relationship lasted for over forty years, until Cook’s death in 2005. In an appreciation written about her and the bookstore that she ran, movie director and Provincetown denizen John Waters described Cook as “beautiful and grumpy and smart” in his book Shock Value: A Tasteful Book about Bad Taste (1981). Cook’s presence informed some of Oliver’s poems, but it was not until Cook’s death that most readers became aware that the poet was a lesbian.

         Oliver wrote over thirty books of poetry beginning in 1963, with No Voyage and Other Poems. She also wrote prose poems and essays, including the book Our World (2007), in which she provided essays to accompany Cook’s photographs. She won the Pulitzer Prize in 1983 for American Primitive and a Lannan Literary Award in 1998 for lifetime achievement, and was a writer-in-residence at numerous colleges. She believed that poetry should be clear (“mustn’t be fancy”) and that each poem should be pared to its essentials. Her muses were nature, animals, plants, and her physical surroundings in general, especially Provincetown, which she deeply loved. “I could not be a poet without the natural world,” she wrote in Upstream: Selected Essays (2016). Her last book was Devotions: The Selected Poems of Mary Oliver (2017), containing over 200 poems.

         In When Death Comes, which appeared in the National Book Award-winning New and Selected Poems (1992) she wrote:

 

When it’s over, I want to say: all my life
I was a bride married to amazement.
I was the bridegroom, taking the world into my arms.
When it’s over, I don’t want to wonder
if I have made of my life something particular, and real. …
I don’t want to end up simply having visited this world.”

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